Антимикробния ефект и контрола на болката на Озонирания гел срещу газовото озониране в третирането на кариесите на млечни молари: рандомизирано клинично изследване с in vivo микробиологична оценка.

In Paediatric Dentistry the traditional approach to treat caries of deciduous teeth provides the removal of all decayed dental tissue involved, without making a clear distinction between infected and affected dentin. This means that even in the case of vital teeth, the complete removal of all the decayed dentine causes the pulp to be exposed and the need to proceed with a pulpotomy. Today pediatric dentistry has been radically revolutionized, it is much more conservative and respectful of both the tissues, favoring an atraumatic approach (ART), that preserves the vitality of the tooth, and the child, with ever greater attention to his well-being and emotional comfort, which is a fundamental part of the care. In this scenario the use of Ozone in gel or gas formulation (GeliO3 and HealOzone X4), with its decontaminating power and bacterial load reduction, can play a decisive role in the application of the principles of selective caries removal (SCR) or the No restorative cavity control approach in specific cases and conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of GeliO3 (ozonized gel) and HealOzone X4 (gaseous ozone) by analysing patient sensitivity and compliance. 16 patients aged between 4 and 12 years were enrolled and randomly assigned to gel or gas treatment. Baseline dental and periodontal indices such as Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and Basic Erosive Wear Examination were assessed. Microbiological samples were collected with a sterile paper cone at time T0 (before treatment), time T1 (after ozone application for 30 seconds) and time T2 (after an additional 30 seconds of ozone application, for a total of 60 seconds). Schiff Air Index (SAI) and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) were recorded at T0 and at T2 to evaluate patients’ compliance and dental sensitivity of the clinical procedure. Data underwent statistical analysis (significance threshold: p<0.05). Microbiological analysis showed significant within-group differences between time T0 and T1 (p<0.05) and no significant differences between T1 and T2 (p>0.05). No significant between-group differences for all treatment times were found (p>0.05). SAI and FLACC showed no significant inter- and intragroup differences at any time frame (p>0.05) . In conclusion, GeliO3 and HealOzone X4 have the same effect on S. mutans. The procedures had no emotional impact on the paediatric patient.

д-р Марко Коломбо